River Publishers Series in Chemical and Environmental Engineering
Succeskriterier og barrierer i Sundheds-it udvikling
Author: Anna Marie Balling Høstgaard, Aalborg University, Denmark
ISBN: 9788793379343 e-ISBN: 9788793379343
Available: June 2015
Success criteria's and barriers in eHealth development
A case study of the EHR planning process in the North Denmark Regionwith a focus on end-user involvement
During the past two decades replacement of paper based patient records with electronic records (EHR) have been a major issue at Danish hospitalsbecause of the paper-based patient record not longer meeting the requirements of patient safety considerationswithin the health care sec-tor.However, experience has shown that besides benefits, the introduction of the EHR often brings with it a number of organizational problems. Well-known success criteria's in eHealth development in general are: positive clinical benefits as a result of the implementation of the new system and joint-ownership of the decisions made during the development process. Well-known prerequisite for achieving both is real end-user-involvement, the best possibly representation of all groups of clinicians and early involvement of clinicians. Experience has shown that, when it comes to suc-cessful implementation of the EHR, physicians are a very important group of clinicians, because their acceptance is crucial to whether or not the EHR is brought into use in the intended way. On this background the focus was on physicians.
This book is based on aresearch study of the EHR planning phase in the North Denmark Region (NDR), conductedfrom 2003-2006. The overall objective was - focusing on physicians in the EHR procurement process in the NDR ? to study success criteria and barriers to the development of EHR systems that meet the physicians' professional needs and interests and thereby support their every-day clinical practice.The interactions going on between three groups of actors (physicians, it-professionals and administrators) were studied in both the present- and the historic perspective in order to study both present- and historic conflicting interests between the three groups.
The study showed with regard to the present perspective that none of the well-knownpreconditions for achieving a successful implementation of the EHRweremet. Besides, a new precondition ap-peared during the process: the importance of workload reduction. The no existing possibility of workload reduction was the main barrier toreel participation in the process for the physicians, henceto participate on an equal footing with the other groups. This meant that the physicians' inter-ests to a large degree were taken care of by it-professionals and other non-physicians, and that the selection of the EHR system was based mainly on the interests of the IT professional's, i.e. based on technical and economic criteria.In the historic perspective, physicians and administrators have had/still have different interests in- and perceptions of the purpose of the patient record. They have both fought for the right to define this purpose during time. To date,the administrators have won thefight because of the balance of power being in their favour. The conclusion is that this "inhe-rited" balance of power - especially between physicians and administrators- was the major reason for the approach chosen for the planning process in the NDR. It explains the working conditions set up for the EHR working group by the IT-Board during the procurement process. These conditions led to the role of physicians being reduced to one of clinical consultants - rather than real partici-pants.
In conclusion, by combining and developing existing theories and methods, thestudy provided an improved method to collect more detailed information on the actor groups participating in eHealth development in general and in EHR development in particular and on the interaction between these groupsduring the development process. This allows eHealth management to explore new avenues in order to support, facilitate, and improve real end-user participation.
Abstrakt på dansk
Baggrund
Indførelse af elektroniske patientjournaler (EPJ) på danske sygehuse har fyldt meget i debatten i de sidste to årtier, såvel blandt politikere, myndigheder og klinikere som i medierne. Den medicinske og teknologiske udvikling har medført, at den papirbaserede patientjournal ikke længere lever op til de krav, der af patientsikkerhedsmæssige hensyn stilles til infrastrukturen indenfor sundhedsvæsenet. Samtidig har den informationsteknologiske udvikling medført, at en elektronisk patientjournal (EPJ)kan være en løsning på mange af de problemer, der er forbundet med en papirbaserede patientjournal. Erfaringer har imidlertid vist, at indførelse af EPJ ofte fører en række nye problemermed sig af bl.a. organisatorisk natur, herunder manglende understøttelse af klinikernes daglige arbejde, hvilket har ført til modstand mod EPJ fra klinisk side. Mange undersøgelser har vist, at succeskriterier for en vellykket udvikling og implementering af EPJ er, at klinikerne opnår positive kliniske gevinster, og at der opnås medejerskab blandt klinikerne til de beslutninger, der træffes i løbet af EPJ udviklingsprocessen. Medejerskabog positive kliniske gevinster er betinget af tidlig involvering af klinikere i udviklingsprocessen, bedst mulig repræsentation af relevante klinikergrupper og reel indflydelse på beslutningsprocessen. Mange erfaringer viser også, at lægerne udgør en meget vigtig klinikergruppe med hensyn til udvikling og implementering af EPJ, da deres accept ofte er altafgørende for, om EPJ bliver taget i anvendelse- på den tilsigtede måde - eller ej. Som følge heraf var hovedfokus i forskningsprojektet bag denne bog rettet mod lægernes deltagelse i EPJ-udbudsprocessen i Nordjyllands amt / Region Nordjylland (NJA/RN). Udover lægerne var fokus ogsåIt-professionelle og Administratorer.
A case study of the EHR planning process in the North Denmark Regionwith a focus on end-user involvement
During the past two decades replacement of paper based patient records with electronic records (EHR) have been a major issue at Danish hospitalsbecause of the paper-based patient record not longer meeting the requirements of patient safety considerationswithin the health care sec-tor.However, experience has shown that besides benefits, the introduction of the EHR often brings with it a number of organizational problems. Well-known success criteria's in eHealth development in general are: positive clinical benefits as a result of the implementation of the new system and joint-ownership of the decisions made during the development process. Well-known prerequisite for achieving both is real end-user-involvement, the best possibly representation of all groups of clinicians and early involvement of clinicians. Experience has shown that, when it comes to suc-cessful implementation of the EHR, physicians are a very important group of clinicians, because their acceptance is crucial to whether or not the EHR is brought into use in the intended way. On this background the focus was on physicians.
This book is based on aresearch study of the EHR planning phase in the North Denmark Region (NDR), conductedfrom 2003-2006. The overall objective was - focusing on physicians in the EHR procurement process in the NDR ? to study success criteria and barriers to the development of EHR systems that meet the physicians' professional needs and interests and thereby support their every-day clinical practice.The interactions going on between three groups of actors (physicians, it-professionals and administrators) were studied in both the present- and the historic perspective in order to study both present- and historic conflicting interests between the three groups.
The study showed with regard to the present perspective that none of the well-knownpreconditions for achieving a successful implementation of the EHRweremet. Besides, a new precondition ap-peared during the process: the importance of workload reduction. The no existing possibility of workload reduction was the main barrier toreel participation in the process for the physicians, henceto participate on an equal footing with the other groups. This meant that the physicians' inter-ests to a large degree were taken care of by it-professionals and other non-physicians, and that the selection of the EHR system was based mainly on the interests of the IT professional's, i.e. based on technical and economic criteria.In the historic perspective, physicians and administrators have had/still have different interests in- and perceptions of the purpose of the patient record. They have both fought for the right to define this purpose during time. To date,the administrators have won thefight because of the balance of power being in their favour. The conclusion is that this "inhe-rited" balance of power - especially between physicians and administrators- was the major reason for the approach chosen for the planning process in the NDR. It explains the working conditions set up for the EHR working group by the IT-Board during the procurement process. These conditions led to the role of physicians being reduced to one of clinical consultants - rather than real partici-pants.
In conclusion, by combining and developing existing theories and methods, thestudy provided an improved method to collect more detailed information on the actor groups participating in eHealth development in general and in EHR development in particular and on the interaction between these groupsduring the development process. This allows eHealth management to explore new avenues in order to support, facilitate, and improve real end-user participation.
Abstrakt på dansk
Baggrund
Indførelse af elektroniske patientjournaler (EPJ) på danske sygehuse har fyldt meget i debatten i de sidste to årtier, såvel blandt politikere, myndigheder og klinikere som i medierne. Den medicinske og teknologiske udvikling har medført, at den papirbaserede patientjournal ikke længere lever op til de krav, der af patientsikkerhedsmæssige hensyn stilles til infrastrukturen indenfor sundhedsvæsenet. Samtidig har den informationsteknologiske udvikling medført, at en elektronisk patientjournal (EPJ)kan være en løsning på mange af de problemer, der er forbundet med en papirbaserede patientjournal. Erfaringer har imidlertid vist, at indførelse af EPJ ofte fører en række nye problemermed sig af bl.a. organisatorisk natur, herunder manglende understøttelse af klinikernes daglige arbejde, hvilket har ført til modstand mod EPJ fra klinisk side. Mange undersøgelser har vist, at succeskriterier for en vellykket udvikling og implementering af EPJ er, at klinikerne opnår positive kliniske gevinster, og at der opnås medejerskab blandt klinikerne til de beslutninger, der træffes i løbet af EPJ udviklingsprocessen. Medejerskabog positive kliniske gevinster er betinget af tidlig involvering af klinikere i udviklingsprocessen, bedst mulig repræsentation af relevante klinikergrupper og reel indflydelse på beslutningsprocessen. Mange erfaringer viser også, at lægerne udgør en meget vigtig klinikergruppe med hensyn til udvikling og implementering af EPJ, da deres accept ofte er altafgørende for, om EPJ bliver taget i anvendelse- på den tilsigtede måde - eller ej. Som følge heraf var hovedfokus i forskningsprojektet bag denne bog rettet mod lægernes deltagelse i EPJ-udbudsprocessen i Nordjyllands amt / Region Nordjylland (NJA/RN). Udover lægerne var fokus ogsåIt-professionelle og Administratorer.